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The anterior abdominal wall is composed of overlapping layers of muscle and connective tissue that contain and protect the intra-abdominal organs while facilitating movement and breathing. The abdominal wall muscles and layers form a cylindrical structure that starts under the ribs and extends below to include the inguinal region. This structure is fed by the ribs and lumbar veins..
Ventral hernia: It is the general name given to hernias that arise from the anterior abdominal wall, around the umbilicus, in the old operation site, on the side of the stoma.
Inguinal hernias: It is the name given to inguinal and femoral hernias that occur in the inguinal region.
Pelvic hernia: These are rare hernias that develop from the lowest part of the abdomen (pelvic region).
Flank hernia: These are abdominal side wall hernias that come out of the weakened back muscles.
In addition, anterior abdominal wall hernias can be examined under another classification as congenital and acquired hernias.
Inguinal hernias constitute the majority of anterior abdominal wall hernias.
Patients usually present with pain and palpable swelling. It can be applied to an outpatient clinic or emergency. Physical examination is very important in the diagnosis of hernia. The diagnosis is mostly made by physical examination. However, additional imaging methods may be required to investigate the etiology or to determine the width of the anterior abdominal wall defect.
If there is an emergency application, the hernia sac is not reduced and if the patient has an acute abdomen clinic, an emergency operation is planned. On the other hand, an elective operation is recommended to the patient due to his complaints and the possible danger of intestinal suffocation in outpatient applications..
Today, hernia operations can be performed as closed or open (conventional). If there is no obstacle for laparoscopy, namely: if there is no problem for the formation of intra-abdominal pneumoperitoneum, if there is no fistula on the anterior abdominal wall, if there is no operation that has been performed on the anterior abdominal wall many times, laparoscopic hernia repair can be planned for the patient. In the presence of the mentioned conditions or according to the surgeon’s experience and the patient’s request open surgery can also be planned. After closed surgery, patients usually have less pain and return to normal life faster. Therefore, laparoscopic hernia repair should be considered in the first place for patients.